MAGYARS FROM BASHKORTOSTAN, THROUGH DONBASS AND UKRAINE

Was the Hungarian people born in Russia?

Bенгерский народ родился ли в России?

Il popolo ungherese è nato in Russia? 

Le peuple hongrois est-il né en Russie?

Wurde das Hungarische Volk in Russland geboren?

After the Variags, another people crossed thoroughly the territory of Russia before becoming one of the dominating people in the history of Europe: the Magyars. Magyars, as many other smaller European peoples inhabiting North of Muscony, like the Estonians, the Bashkirians, the Mordvinians, the Mari and the Komi, are Hugro-Finnic peoples, which show affinities both with Indo-Europeans and Turks.

According to the most diffused accounts, Magyars were originating from the Polar Circle, in the Northern area East of the Ural mountains. It is not clear why also some peoples of Xin-Jiang, he Uighurs,  in the area called today Zungaria, as well the Madjars of Khazkhstan, seem to speak a language similar to Hungarian. During the first part of Middle-Ages, the Hungarians migrated to present-days Bashkortostan, from there into Donbass (in ancient Hungarian language “Levkadia”), which, at this time, belonged to the Khazar empire, and to the Danube-Dniepr area (“Levetköz”). From Levetköz, some of the Hungarian peoples migrated to present-days Transylvania (where they constitute still today an ethnic minority, the “Szekler”), and, from Transylvania, to present-days Hungaria, others, the Csango, to Moldova. Also the Hungarians were a federation of peoples. It seems that the core of the invading Magyars was constituted by Turks, whose leader, Arpad, united around him Magyars and Slavonic people, absorbing also the remnants of the Avars and of the Huns.

After having been a wild and conquering people, conducting war campaigns into Germany and into Italy, the Magyars became a powerful kingdom, including the whole of the Danube Basin. In year 999, king István (Stephen) I^st was baptized. From that time, the Hungarian kingdom became one of the key elements of European history. However, the Magyars have never forgotten their eastern connections, and already in the Middle-Ages they carried out expeditions toward the Urals area for getting in touch with their Mordvinan Ancestors (“Magna Hungaria”). Moreover, when, in the 13^th Century, the pressure, over Ukraine, of the Mongolic Golden Horde forced Cumans, Pechenegs and Alans to fly from their country, the Hungarian king felt compelled to give to this kin peoples a new land. The king itself went to the Užgorod Pass (the “Porta Hungarica”) for welcoming its Cuman, Pecheng and Alan collegues, to which was given a territory between Danube and Tisza, the Kiskúnság (the “Small Yellow Country”) where the Yellow (Turkish) peoples of Cuman and Pechenegs still live.